Nelson Mandela And The Fight For Human Rights - 1305 Words

Nelson Mandela Apartheid is â€Å"a former policy of segregation and political and economic discrimination against non-European groups in the Republic of South Africa† (Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary, n.d.). When you hear the word apartheid, you automatically think of Nelson Mandela, the most influential man in the fight for human rights for black South Africans. Mr. Mandela was a Visionary and Ethical Leader. His actions, decisions and behaviors lead to the end of apartheid and the creation of a democratic government in South Africa. During this essay, I will discuss how Mr. Mandela realized his vision using the Eight-Step Change Process and his Transformational Leadership trait of Inspirational Motivation. Mr. Mandela was Morally Courageous and although behaved unethically for a time, I will argue his behavior, according to Consequences Test, was justified. I will then share what I have learned from Nelson Mandela and how it is personally relevant to me. Visionary Leader Nelson Mandela’s vision was to see the end of apartheid and to gain equality for South African natives. He did this using the Transformational Leadership trait of Inspirational Motivation. According to Thomas N. Barnes Center for Enlisted Education [BCEE] (2014), he did through his spoken words, which inspired his followers to envision freedom and democracy for all South Africans. According to his autobiography, Mr. Mandela spent twenty-seven years in prison, convicted of crimes committed in hisShow MoreRelatedNelson Mandela Fight For Human Rights796 Words   |  4 Pageswhy it is important to fight for human rights. There are many people who stand up to fight to keep their human rights. Nelson Mandela fought for everyone to be free. Gandhi fought to end racial injustice in South America and to be independent from Britain. Erika Andiola fought for her brother and mother’s rights from being detained because her family were immigrants. These three individuals all foug ht for their human rights and freedom from discrimination. Nelson Mandela was in prison for a longRead MoreNelson Mandela949 Words   |  4 PagesNelson Mandela The life story of Nelson Mandela has long become a legend, a story that transcends race, borders, culture, or language. He is one of the greatest leaders to ever step foot on this Earth. He was willing to give up his own personal freedoms for the good of his people. Still, his decisions at major points in his lifetime hold lessons for individuals who are inspired of becoming good leaders. Many leaders are inspired by the actions and decision-makings abilities of Mandela. He kept theRead MoreGke 1 Task 21300 Words   |  6 PagesNelson Mandela was known as a world leader for his role in fighting apartheid and being the first multi-racial president of South Africa. His presidency created a significant change in the perception and building of a multiracial society in South Africa and around the world. Nelson Mandela was also known to be a leader of a civil rights organization known as the African National Congress. The purpose of the African National Congress was to demolish racial seg regation and discrimination. The two mostRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1134 Words   |  5 Pageshistory have always evolved around human rights race relationships and power. In this paper, I will focus on the themes of racism, human rights, and power and how history makers such as Martin Luther King Jr., Nelson Mandela, and Mahatma Gandhi (just to name these few) helped to redress them to an extent and how theirs efforts shape contemporary events. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born on 15 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia and is one of the most remembered Human Rights Activists in America history. HeRead MorePositive Impact Of Nelson Mandela1254 Words   |  6 PagesHaseeb Sial Ms. Poll Global Studies Honors December 11, 2017 Nelson Mandela   Ã‚  Ã‚   Nelson Mandela was a great leader of South Africa. Nelson Rolihlahla   Mandela was born in South Africa on July 18, 1918. He was an anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist, who was the first black and democratically elected President. Before Mandela was elected president, South Africa was a country with a white supremacist government, ruled by apartheid. There were racial tensions between whitesRead MoreNelson Mandela And The Social Injustice Of Apartheid1652 Words   |  7 Pagesorganizations that took stands in the past. Nelson Mandela used both peaceful protests and armed resistance to fight against the white minority oppressive regime of racially divided South Africa. My exhibit talks about all the sufferings Nelson Mandela went through to end apartheid and brought a multiracial â€Å"Government of National Unity† in South Africa. Also, the main idea of my project tells how Nelson Mandela impacted the world by addressing global pr oblems and easing human sufferings. My research focusesRead MoreMahatma Gandhi And Nelson Mandela1447 Words   |  6 Pagesinspired Nelson Mandela to fulfill his vision for human rights, would Nelson Mandela have inspired Barack Obama to continue that legacy? Mahatma Gandhi practiced civil disobedience and lobbied for the rights of Indians in South Africa and India. Nelson Mandela hungered and fought for a South Africa, where all races were equal and unified as nationalists. Barack Obama sought to build a more tolerant United States through his historic presidency, immigration policies, and equal rights for all peopleRead MoreApartheid in South Africa1154 Words   |  5 PagesNelson Mandela helped bring an end to Apartheid in South Africa because he was a believer in basic human rights, leading both peaceful and violent protests against the white South African Government. His beliefs landed him in prison for twenty-seven years, almost three decades. In doing so, he became the face of the apartheid movement both in his country and around the world. When released from prison in 1990, he continued to honor his commitment to fight for justice and equality for all peopleRead MoreNelson Mandela My Role Model1211 Words   |  5 PagesNelson Mandela, full name Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, pet name Madiba, Mandela was born on July 18, 1918, in Mvezo, South Africa and died on December 5, 2013, in Johannesburg. The black nationalist and the first black president of South Africa (1994–99). His agreement in the early 1990s with South African Pres. F.W. de Klerk helped end the country’s system of racial segregation and started in a peaceful transition to majority rule. Mandela and de Klerk were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for PeaceRead MoreThe Rise Of Nelson Mandela1158 Words   |  5 PagesTyrise Elam HIS102 Research Paper May 20, 2015 The Rise of Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela is one of the greatest honorable and governmental leaders. Mandela, was a universal idol, whose enduring devotion was to fight against racial oppression in South Africa. Mandela won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993, then he became the presidency of his country in 1994. Up until his prison release in 1990 Nelson Mandela has been at the center of the most captivating and inspirational governmental concerns in the

Contrasting Differences Between “the Cooperative” and “Hsbc Plc” Free Essays

string(65) " correct management of their expectations and agreed objectives\." The purpose of this essay is to explain and analyze contrasting differences between â€Å"The Cooperative† and â€Å"HSBC plc†, and to explain its stakeholders. At the end I will explain and evaluate their mission aims, objectives and impact of their companies. The simplest form of ownership and possibly the most common too, is sole-trading, which is owned by one individual. We will write a custom essay sample on Contrasting Differences Between â€Å"the Cooperative† and â€Å"Hsbc Plc† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Possibly this individual opened his company by using his savings or quite commonly by means of a bank loan. He is capable of running every aspect of his business and is solely responsible for is business.Most multinationals generating billions of pounds per year of our days started as sole-trading companies. Partnerships are the next evolutionary step. They are owned by two or more individuals, usually specialists who join venture. As sole-trading all parties contribute privately towards the business’ capital through savings or bank loans, usually profits are shared depending on how much capital was invested by each party. There can be partners who usually do not take part in the running of the company called sleeping or dormant partners they mainly invest and share the profits.Private Limited Companies (Ltd) are companies whose ownership is divided into equal parts called shares, who own these shares in turn are called shareholder, only by consent of all shareholders can shares be sold to a particular buyer and usually who owns more shares ultimately has majority of the decision making. This type of company is considered to be an entity of its own, the owners only run it. Public Limited Companies (Plc) follow the same principle has Ltd companies but they must first of all, raise sufficient capital, minimum of ? 50,000. 0 by selling its shares in the stock market . A minimum of two directors, two member s and a qualified secretary are needed to trade as a Plc and its directors must provide statutory documentation to the companies house. Cooperative Companies are raised through an association between individuals united usually by socio-economical factors. Capital is raised privately and no matter how much one shareholder invests in contrast with others, shareholders he or she has only one vote, meaning this every shareholder has the same power. Democracy is the cornerstone of this type of company.Shared responsibilities towards decision planning policy making and aims of this company are done by every member, capital is owned in common property of the cooperative. Main advantages are equally shared ownership, equally shared profits depending on how much invested social and economic awareness services and products, environmental awareness. Main disadvantages can be financial control, management effectiveness poor planning, `and longer decision making less trust in the cooperative ideology. Franchises are defined as trading under the name of a third party company. The franchiser gives a license to the franchisee to trade under its name. Its main characteristic is how the business is ran, the franchisee owns and operates the business but the franchiser maintains control over the products or services sold, its marketing, quality and standards of the entire business. The two companies I will talking will be The Cooperative which falls into the cooperative type of company and HSBC Holdings which is under the public limited company category. HSBC Holdings exist to provide financial services worldwide.The Co-operative are democratically run by members to meet their common needs and aspirations Their main reason is not chasing profits like other types of ownership businesses, but the ability to steer their products and services in a more responsible direction. The Cooperative provides food and retail products, financial, funeral care, legal, pharmacy and travel services. HSBC Holdings provide a range of financial services, personal, commercial, corpo rate investment and private banking customers. The Co-operative is run by over two-and a-half-million of members who share on how the businesses are run.HSBC Holdings is run by a board of directors but the owners are the investors and shareholders who have bought the company’s various types of shares. HSBC Holdings is an entity of its own, meaning it has legal rights and responsibilities and is used in such way to conduct business totally in the interests of its shareholders who invest their capital and the employees who contribute towards the company with their labour. The Co-operative is defined as being an association of individuals who voluntarily unified to meet common cultural, social and economic needs.They come to be a democratically owned and controlled business. Its members have a say in how the business is run, by attending meetings, voting for their representatives, this way members influence policies, both at ethical and operational levels. The level of influence is irrespective of how much a member invests, it can be one pound or one hundred thousand pounds. Stakeholders are individuals or groups who contribute voluntarily or involuntarily with their wealth to create profitable businesses. They are the potential beneficiaries or risk bearers of their business.They can be active or non-active representatives members in their companies. Commonly these days stakeholder term is used to represent individuals or organizations who have legitimate interests in projects or entities. The concept of stakeholder can be more widely used to include other forms of individuals or organizations that may not take part in benefit or profit sharing but still have a â€Å"stake in the business involved, this can be employees, pressure groups, customers, suppliers, communities, governmental bodies.HSBC Holdings, and The Co-operative have various types of stakeholders and the ones with a direct influence over the company are the internal stakeholders. In the case of HSBC Holdings these are the owners, board of directors, and employees. In the case of The Co-operative these are the owners, board of directors, employees’ and its members who actively are encouraged by the company to take part in the running of the business. The mportance of stakeholder is to support its organization in achieving its strategic objectives, by interpreting and influencing the external and internal environments and creating positive relationships, the stakeholders through correct management of their expectations and agreed objectives. You read "Contrasting Differences Between â€Å"the Cooperative† and â€Å"Hsbc Plc†" in category "Papers" This management is a process that must be planned and guided by the principles stipulated by the stakeholders. In the case of the Co-operative we can see their entire business in managed in accordance of all their members.Has the business was created to help and support communities all their stakeholders from directors to staff members have the same influence on how the business is run. Most importantly all its shareholders agree the main factor of the company is to provide goods and services at reasonable prices, ethically viable and do not look for profit margins with the exception to stay in business and grow. HSBC Holdings believe their success is the only outcome required by their shareholders if not their stakeholders would not invest, good employees would not want to work for them and the customers would not want to bank with them. They want to be the largest international financial institution, have a cosmopolitan customer base and to have considerable financial strength. Except for The Co-operative whose stakeholders do not necessarily look for profits, like HSBC Holdings, both cases owners and senior staff look for performance and direct their business according to their aims and objectives they want to get a good return on their investment, non-managerial staff mainly look for quality and security of jobs, good pay of rates, job satisfaction, good benefits promotion prospectus.Their main external stakeholders even if not necessary for this essay I feel it is important to explain their importance too, governments look for low employment risks and ability to gain profits through taxation, trade unions look for working conditions, wages and legal requirements, customers for quality, value and more recently for ethical services or products and local communities who want to be involved in their business and expe ct job security, expect environmental and social issues best interests to be answered.Both companies have been around for more than a century, both believe their stakeholders internal or external have a fundamental importance in their companies both have different objectives and aims but, similarly both believe in managing their business in a sustainable way and taking responsible attention in their decisions to be successful in the long term. They have taken very different routes simply because the aims and objectives expected by their stakeholders are not just that.Creating aims and objectives is no easy task especially when both terms have vague distinctions and imprecise definitions. All business has a hierarchy which usually starts from their mission statement to their aims and finally to their objectives. Objectives give the business clear defined targets it is a detailed picture of the business and plans must then be setup to achieve the objective in question, they are stated into measurable targets using â€Å"S. M. A. R. T. † definition-. †-Specific; Measurable; Achievable; Realistic and Time. Objectives can then be considered medium to long term goals required by a business to maintain its path these are the strategic objectives, the day -to-day or short-term objectives are called tactical objectives they help the strategic objectives being accomplished. Aim is the goal or general statement a business wants to achieve. They are important in developing implement and evaluate a business future. Aims are long term plans necessary for a business and where businesses objectives derive.Usually businesses may have several aims and objectives, all simply depend of the nature of the business. The most common can be to make profit, survive, expand, break even, improve quality, competitive value, and more recently, more and more business aim to be environmentally friendly. All of these help any business to be able to stay, in business. Objectives and aims provide a clear structure for all of the various activities that an organization carries out.Measuring how well an objective have or not been achieved, managers can make necessary arrangements to their activities to ensure progress and achievements of the stated mission statements, aims and objectives are followed. Aims and objectives within an organization are established at a number of levels from top level corporate objectives, all the way down to team objectives and individual objectives that create a framework for operational activities.An example could be the customer service department of HSBC Holdings which aims to satisfy customers, and the marketing department which aims to identify customer’s needs. HSBC Holdings mission statement is â€Å"We are the world’s local bank† meaning they want to be the largest international emerging markets bank, widespread international network focus on a unique international customer base and have unq uestioned financial strength. To achieve this their aim is to run a sustainable usiness in long terms, to do this they want to give their stakeholders sustainable profits, have and build long-lasting relationships with their customers, value their employee, respecting environmental boundaries and investing in communities. The Co-operative mission statement is â€Å"From community projects to a share of the profits, we’re good for everyone†. They believe in providing ethical services and goods from banking travel, pharmacy, legal services, funeral care, food and on-line shopping only in the United Kingdom.They are a group who base their aims on their ethical values, influencing this way the way they do business. Their aim in this way is to show good quality products and services do not have to come at the expense of honesty and social responsibility. We can see HSBC Holdings and The Co-operative mission statements, aims and objectives focus their business in maintaining their purpose. Both businesses believe in sustainability of their employees, communities and environmental values but differ on how their profits are shared and who runs the business.The Co-operative by being managed in a democratically way focus its aims and objectives in ethical issues, in the interests of all their internal and external shareholders. HSBC Holdings most important aim and objective are actually to produce profits for their internal shar eholders and expanding worldwide. Bibliography: www. hsbc. co. uk -Accessed more than once www. thecooperative. coop -Accessed more than once Tutor Handouts: http://go. guildford. ac. uk/webapps/portal/frameset. jsp? tab_id=_2_1url=%2Fwebapps%2Fblackboard%2Fexecute%2Flauncher%3Ftype%3DCourse%26id%3D_9140_1%26url%3D How to cite Contrasting Differences Between â€Å"the Cooperative† and â€Å"Hsbc Plc†, Papers

Symbolism In Sir Gawain And The Green free essay sample

Knight Essay, Research Paper From the first clip I read Sir Gawain and the Green Knight I have been troubled by the inquiry of whether or non Sir Gawain was right or incorrect in lying in order to maintain the girdle and salvage his life. He was torn between honestness and his ain life. The inquiry he was forced to inquire himself was # 8220 ; what did he value more: his honestness or his life? Many bookmans have struggled with this inquiry for centuries, every bit good as the inquiries of why Gawain made the determination that he did, how guilty he # 8220 ; truly # 8221 ; felt for his actions, and what the poet is seeking to state the reader through Gawain # 8217 ; s ordeal. When I was turning up I was told to ever be honest. I was merely # 8220 ; grounded # 8221 ; twice in my life-time: one time for non stating my ma where I went one afternoon and one time for stating her a prevarication. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism In Sir Gawain And The Green or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was in Kindergarten and broke a taper ( wear # 8217 ; t inquire me why or how ) . I blamed it on the cat. I couldn # 8217 ; t stand the force per unit area of my female parent # 8217 ; s intense question that consisted of merely inquiring me how the cat could perchance brake the taper which was surrounded by a hurricane lamp. My guilt was so overpowering that I broke down and told her the truth. Thus, I was introduced to the construct of # 8220 ; anchoring # 8221 ; and the importance of honestness. I was taught at a immature age that the foundation of any relationship is honesty and without it, a friendly relationship can merely last so long and its roots travel go merely so deep. But honestness is non everything. My female parent would likely anchor me once more if I did non lie to person to salvage my cervix. There is another side to the inquiry about Sir Gawain # 8217 ; s determination to non give Bertilac the green girdle. While honestness should be extremely valued, it may be unwise to undervalue life itself. In about every civilization decease, every bit good as Gawains # 8217 ; civilization, decease is recognized # 8220 ; as a terrorizing thing which work forces and animate beings likewise try to get away by every device in their power, irrespective of self-respect or responsibility # 8221 ; ( Burrow, # 8221 ; The Third Fit # 8221 ; 37 ) . It may be even more hard to put an overruling significance on the value of honestness in visible radiation of life # 8217 ; s option: decease. # 8220 ; # 8230 ; images of decease permeate the medieval universe # 8221 ; ( Clien. 55 ) . A modern reader of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight should derive an apprehension of what decease means within the # 8220 ; cultural surroundings # 8221 ; which surrounded the Gawain author. Wendy Clein in her book # 8220 ; Concepts of Chivalry in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight # 8221 ; describes the knightly attack to decease as an uncomfortable and awkward matrimony between the warrior # 8217 ; s code on one side and Christianity of the the antithetical side. The warrior codification calls for the knight to # 8220 ; defy decease in Acts of the Apostless of gallantry and thereby derive worldly fame # 8221 ; ( 55 ) . However, the Christian philosophy demands that the knight resignation worldly fame and accept decease as a # 8220 ; transition from this imperfect universe to infinity # 8221 ; ( 55 ) . If knight is to derive celebrity and carry through the warrior codification that is so profoundly engrained into the mind of a warrior, he must play with decease. This is what war and tourneies are all about. It is about looking decease in the oculus and non squinching. Once a knight can make this he has fulfilled the warrior codification of a knight, at least for the minute. The Christian attack to decease is much different from the warrior attack to decease. While some parts of the verse form may look be merely # 8220 ; Christian in harmoniousness with pre-Christian nature belief and ritual # 8221 ; , the issue of infinity and how to populate life can be rather cacophonic ( Speirs. 85 ) . The Christian is called to reject the secular glorification that is offered by the universe of the knight. However the knight who gives up worldly glorification is non left without any awards or glorification. These temporal glorifications are replaced by the # 8220 ; religious wagess # 8221 ; that are enjoyed by the saints. While it might look that the two universes of Christianity and the warrior are reciprocally sole, they can truly congratulate each other when human logic is applied. If warriors are supposed to crush up people, and Christians are supposed to populate their lives for God so logic Tells us that we can unify these two life styles by crushing up people for Jesus. The Crusades were great for these particular sort of persons who desired to keep their committedness to the Church while prosecuting in the bang of violent escapade. This is one of the alone times when the values of mediaeval Christianity and the medieval warrior truly compliment each other: when it is clip to crush up aliens for Jesus. There are a figure of advantages to the religious life that Wendy Clein explores. One advantage that the religious universe has over the warrior universe is that it is non of an sole nature. In a conflict to the decease, merely one warrior can win, while the other warrior must decease. Whereas in the religious universe, redemption is unfastened to all and accomplishable by all who embrace the Christian manner of life, because it is non of an sole nature. Rich and hapless, every bit good as the strong and the weak, can accomplish the wealths of the religious universe. Harmonizing to Clein the 14th century civilization points out to that another benefit of fall ining the Christian nine is that it does non offer one of those miserable life-time ranks. By fall ining this nine, all members automatically receive an ageless guarantee on the human psyche at no excess cost. A life-time guarantee expires manner to early: Moralists turned assorted occasions into chances to reflect on decease. John Mirk # 8217 ; s discourse for the Feast of the Circumcision moves from sing Christ # 8217 ; s mortality to cheering hearers to believe on their ain # 8230 ; . Images of disintegrating flesh provide the most dramatic illustrations of earthly transiency. The cadaver as souvenir mori appears early in a Christian context, transforming the Egyptian and Roman image from a carpe diem exhortation to an admonition non to give ageless felicity for the fugitive pleasances of the organic structure. The image pervades the ulterior Middle Ages. ( 60-61 ) In visible radiation of this kind of imagination it is apprehensible how Gawain might hold felt the guilt that appears to be utmost to most modern readers of the verse form. Gawain # 8217 ; s guilt is utmost when he at the terminal of the verse form he discusses why he wears the set: This set symbolizes the incrimination I bear on my cervix ; It signifies the sorrowful loss that I have suffered, Caught by cowardliness and covetousness at that place ; It is a item of the untruthfulness that trapped me, And I wear it for every bit long as I may populate ; For a adult male can conceal his injury, but neer hurl it off, Since one time it is attached, it will neer vanish. ( ln 2506-2512 ) It was believed that the pleasances of the tribunal threaten work forces by deflecting them from the # 8220 ; truth # 8221 ; that the cadavers can now understand. In the civilization of the Gawain poet, merely as in our modern civilization and every civilization in between, there was lip service and handily timed alterations of bosom. After the knights went out into the universe to prosecute in their varied and unhallowed pleasances of the universe, they would reprobate knighthood. There is a certain rhythm to the human status that brings relevancy to the narrative of Gawain. Just as the babe boomer parents didn # 8217 ; Ts like all that stone and axial rotation music their kids adored so much, the knights did non desire their kids to hold excessively much merriment. The # 8220 ; Black Prince # 8221 ; becomes low and rejects the secular pleasances in composing his epitaph: # 8230 ; /now I am hapless and lowly, laid deep in the Earth, / My great beauty is all gone, my flesh is all dissolved. / My house is really narrow and I have nil but truth. ( John Nichols. A Collection of All the Wills of the Kings and Queens of England. Clein p.62 ) While his epitaph is quaint and marked by humbleness, the prince still ordered a expansive funeral that was far call from the humbleness he professes: And we wish that at that clip our organic structure be led through the town of Canterbury to the priory, that two war Equus caballuss decked in our weaponries and two work forces armed in our weaponries and our helms attend our said organic structure, viz. , one for war in our whole weaponries quartered, and the other for peace in our badges of ostrich plumes with four streamers of the same suit, and that each of those who carry the said streamers have on his caput a chapeau of our weaponries. And that he who is armed for war has an armed adult male transporting after him a black pennant with ostrich plumes ( nichols. p88 CLein p70 ) . The # 8220 ; truth # 8221 ; of which the Black Prince writes in reasoning his epitaph was improbably of import to 14th century moralss. The importance of truth is manifested in Gawain # 8217 ; s guilt trip at the terminal of the verse form. He wears the green sash to remind him of his # 8220 ; untruthfulness # 8221 ; ( ln. 2509 ) Not merely was I taken aback by Gawain # 8217 ; s extreme guilt which seems absurd, but I was thrown off by the wickednesss with which he chooses to reprobate himself, peculiarly the Cardinal or capital wickedness of # 8220 ; covetousness # 8221 ; ( ln 2508 ) . J. A. Burrow dismisses Gawain # 8217 ; s self-conviction of covetousness. The observer argues that Gawain # 8220 ; is non conceited or envious: he does non have on the lady # 8217 ; s gift # 8216 ; for wele # 8217 ; ( lns. 2037,2432 ) . It seems clear # 8230 ; that the ring episode is designed to do the same point-to brand sure in progress that the reader does non misconstrue the hero # 8217 ; s motivations # 8230 ; .It clears the land. Anyone who refuses such a ring is immune from covetousness at least # 8221 ; ( Burrow. 42 ) The job with this reading is that the author defines covetousness excessively narrowly and more narrowly than the writer intended. While it might be easy to state that Gawain merely went brainsick at the terminal of the verse form this merely opens up a whole new set of inquiries. Why would he desire Gawain to travel brainsick when he has been a symbol of the closest a homo can acquire to perfection? Why would the writer make the tribunal which has appeared foolish and weak in the right while Gawain was in the incorrect? D. F. Hills explores why Gawain was right to impeach himself of covetousness, why Gawains # 8217 ; response was proper, and how the poet # 8217 ; s usage of # 8220 ; covetousness # 8221 ; maps to clear up and stress instead than confuse. It is obvious why Gawain accuses himself of # 8220 ; cowardness # 8221 ; ( ln 2508 ) and # 8220 ; untruthfulness # 8221 ; ( ln.2509 ) , but why would he bear down himself with # 8220 ; covetousness # 8221 ; ( 2508 ) ? Hills recognizes that in order to understand why Gawain every bit good as what the poet is seeking to state us we # 8220 ; must analyze the medieval construct of covetousness # 8221 ; ( 313 ) . Hills quotes St. Thomas Aquinas from Summa Theologiae: # 8230 ; covetousness can be diversely understood. In one sense, it is an inordinate desire for wealths # 8230 ; . In another sense, it means an inordinate desire for any temporal goods whatsoever # 8230 ; . In still another sense, it can intend some disposition of a corrupt nature to overly want bribable goods. And therefore they say that covetousness is the root of all wickednesss, by analogy with the root of a tree, which draws its nutriment from the Earth, for in the same manner all wickedness grows from the love of temporal things. ( 314-315 ) Gawain reacts as he should if life in the universe of Aquinas, because he has tapped into the root of all wickedness. Gawain senses that his being has been usurped by his wickedness, and he will get down decomposing from the interior out. Along this same way of medieval idea, covetousness is the # 8220 ; antithesis of charity # 8221 ; ( 315 ) . It is a love of the universe which is non a love directed toward God, but instead covetousness is love directed towards the ego: Covetousness is the component in all wickedness which is due to loving oneself more than God and seeking # 8230 ; a solace which has no solace # 8230 ; . So no affair how much the human psyche contains, it is neer full unless it can keep God, whom it can ever keep. O envious adult male, if you wish to be satisfied, discontinue being envious, because every bit long as you are envious you can non be satisfied. ( 318 ) Hills states that # 8220 ; It is basically a religious disease # 8221 ; ( 319 ) and Gawain monsters out when he accepts that he has contracted the disease. By specifying covetousness in this manner we open up a whole new manner of looking at the significance of Gawain # 8217 ; s mistake. Hills takes the Aquinas definition of covetousness and brings it to fruition by using it to Sir Gawain # 8217 ; s self-proclaimed wickedness of covetousness: Clearly a rigorous regard for the truth # 8230 ; would necessitate that Gawain should manus over the green girdle to Bertilak or possibly decline to accept it in the first topographic point. In non making so because he loved his life excessively much he was puting his love for himself above his love for truth and hence God. ( 321 ) By the poet explicitly calling Gawain # 8217 ; s mistake # 8220 ; covetousness # 8221 ; he is clear uping his subject of the H2O and oil nature of the religious universe and the the secular universe. He is calling the root of wickedness. Man valuing this universe over the following. Why does it count if you get your caput violently cut off? You are traveling to decease shortly anyhow, so you should be free of any wickedness, even the small 1s, in order to acquire on God # 8217 ; s good side. Eternity is a long clip. While Gawain sees himself as this dark evil individual the reader joins Arthur, Bertilac, and the Court of Arthur in thining the significance of Gawain # 8217 ; s discourtesy. Bertilak sees it as # 8220 ; a little defect, my friend: you lack some faithfulness./ It didn # 8217 ; t originate for an disingenuous object or amative fling-/ No! You merely loved your life! And I blame you the less for it # 8221 ; ( ln. 2366-8 ) . This did non function to soothe him, because it merely precipitated a # 8220 ; Shivering inside himself with a black fury # 8221 ; ( ln. 2370 ) . John Burrow argues that covetousness is non so of import to understanding the poets purposes. Rather that cowardliness is the root of Gawain # 8217 ; s failure. Burrow provinces that # 8220 ; cowardliness led him to perpetrate one of the traditional # 8216 ; Acts of the Apostless of covetise # 8217 ; # 8221 ; It was merely because Gawain was a coward foremost that he subsequently became covetousness harmonizing to Burrows reading. I will fall down on Hills # 8217 ; side and suggest that the poet is utilizing the fact that Arthur # 8217 ; s tribunal doesn # 8217 ; t reprobate Sir Gawain, but in fact laugh at him for doing such a large trade out of his wickedness, to foster his motive of the cyclical stupidity of the multitudes. To add sarcasm to diss the writer has the Round Table where the sash as a grade of award when it is truly intended to be a grade of shame. The writer is shouting to the reader that the Court with all of their energies focused on this universe merely do non grok what is traveling on. When Gawain accepts the lacing, he does non understand the nature of the trial ( Benson. 224 ) . For Gawain # 8217 ; s trial is non a trial of temporal endurance as with what we see with the fox, it is a religious trial. It is a trial of which universe Gawain will take to populate in, and he can non populate in both. It is either/or with nil in between. For Gawain recognizes that in the 14th century universe that he took the first measure, which is non undistinguished in theological footings, on that long way to hell. Bibliography Benson, Larry. Art and Tradition in # 8220 ; Sir Gawain and the Green Knight # 8221 ; . New Brunswick: Rutgers Universty Press, 1965. Burrow, John. # 8220 ; # 8216 ; Cupiditas # 8217 ; in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight # 8221 ; . Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964. Critical Surveies of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968. # 8212 ; # 8221 ; The Third Fit. # 8221 ; A Reading of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, Ltd. , 1965. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Clein, Wendy. Concepts of Chivalry in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Norman, Oklahoma: Pilgrim Books, 1987. Hills, David Farley. # 8220 ; Gawain # 8217 ; s Fault in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight # 8221 ; . Review of English Studies. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963. Spiers, John. # 8220 ; Sir Gawain and the Green Knight # 8221 ; . Scrutiny. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1949. 35f

Taoism And American Society Essays - Taoism, East Asian Religions

Taoism And American Society Taoism teaches that people should not strive to serve society and honor people of worth. People should be uneducated, not honor others and should be protected from material desires. Some of these beliefs can be applied to life in American society, and others have no chance. The belief that people should be uneducated is not applicable to American society. To get a good job in America, most people have to have a good education. If people were uneducated, they would not make it far. Americans usually look someone who is uneducated down upon. The belief that people should not honor others, can be applied to American Society. By not honoring others, a person is more likely to feel better about them, however it is very difficult to do. There are numerous people that are honored. This includes the President, and many other famous people. In American society, a person can be protected from material desires. Material desires are unnecessary, and if a person has no desire for something, they wont be disappointed when they dont receive it. If one was to be secluded form the society of America for a while, it would be easy to apply Taoist beliefs to their life. For example, if a person was secluded somewhere with no television and alone, they could live off the land. There are no available material desires and, nowhere to be educated. Some Taoist beliefs can be applied to American society, and others can not. If a person is secluded from the society, they have a better chance of succeeding than someone succeeds that is not. Religion

Tabitha Norton Essays - Botany, Biology, Plant Morphology

Tabitha Norton Essays - Botany, Biology, Plant Morphology Tabitha Norton Bio 102-03 Selaginella is the sole genus of vascular plants in the family Selaginellaceae, the spike mosses. in all parts of the world, particularly in the tropics such as Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands but are also foun din as more arctic habitats in areas of Greenland. They have scalelike leaves, either spirally arranged or in ranks of four, on stems and branches. The spore-bearing leaves are similar to ordinary leaves but are clustered in spikes, or strobili. The spike mosses reproduce with spores. They have distinct male and female spores known as microspores and megaspores, respectively. Spore are produced on leaves in enclosures called sporangia. The spores of Selaginella species are both pollinated and dispersed by wind. Pinus is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae and is made up of conifers. There are about 120 species and are native to northern temperate areas but are found throughout the world. The genus is composed of trees or shrubs, aromatic, evergreen; they are usually conic when young, often rounded or flat-topped with age. Pines have two types of branches, long shoots and short shoots, and three types of leaves, primordial, scale, and adult. Both long and short shoots develop in the axils of the deciduous scale leaves. The needlelike photosynthetic adult leaves are borne in fascicles (bundles) of two to at the tip of each short shoot; they remain on the tree 2 to 17 years. Pollen-bearing male cones are covered with many fertile scales, each of which bears two pollen sacs. Ovule-bearing female cones, borne on the same tree, have several spirally arranged modified leaves, each of which is located below a scale with two ovules . In spring or early summer the pollen sacs release poll en through longitudinal slits; each grain has two air bladders for wind dispersal. The scales on the female cones open to receive the pollen and then close; actual fertilization takes place late the following spring. After fertilization, the woody female cone develops over a two- to three-year period. Ginkgo biloba includes a group of gymnosperms composed of the family Ginkgoaceae. The species is native to China. A Ginkgo tree is pyramidal in shape and has a bark which is deeply furrowed on older trees and has a corky texture. Ginkgo tree leaves are fan-shaped and are have short but thickened shoots. The leathery leaves are up to 8 cm long and can be broad. Most leaves are divided into two lobes by a central notch. Microsporangia and female ovules are borne on separate trees. Pollen grains are carried to the female trees by the wind. Megasporangiate trees bear paired ovules, which, when fertilized, develop into yellowish seeds consisting of a large inner nutlike portion surrounded by a fleshy outer covering. Magnolia are native to North and South America, the Himalayas, and East Asia. They have evergreen or deciduous, alternate smooth-margined leaves. The flowers, usually cuplike and fragrant, are located at the branch tips and have three sepals, six to 12 petals arranged in two to four series, and many spirally arranged stamens. The numerous simple ovaries in the centre later form a conelike fruit. The seeds hang by slender threads. The gynoecium is the innermost whorl of pistils in the flower and is typically surrounded by thestamens, collectively called the androecium. The gynoecium, the female portion of the flower, produces megaspores, each of which develops into a female gametophyte which then produces egg cells. Antirrhinum -There are about 20 species native to western North America and the western Mediterranean region. The flowers are tubular, bilaterally symmetrical, and usually large with a closed, liplike mouth that excludes most insects but can be forced open by strong bees, the main pollinators. Snapdragons bloom only once a year and grow from very small seeds. It generally takes about three weeks for the seeds to germinate.

Branding Strategies and Product Development

According to the study of the project planning, I found that branding of products related to any specific organization is getting innovated day by day in order to provide effective brand value to organization. The concerned case study is elaborating about the effective measures related to sensory branding of product. In contrast with this fact, I am evaluating the project of improving branding of products in this essay. There are various phases involved in this project. I am considering three main considerable areas in the project to be evaluated in this essay.   According to stages used in improving branding of Color Studio Professional I have found three considerable phases related to the project implementation that needs to be reviewed in order to make the project implementation successful. Development of Gantt chart, Work breakdown structure preparation and Estimation of budget for the project development are the three considerable areas according to my point of discussion.    I have found that in the contemporary time the organizations are using sensory branding or sensory stimuli in order to make their brands powerful. Various organizations used two dimensional branding schemes for making their products popular in the target market. I noticed that, application of five senses during finalizing the branding schemes for making the product popular is the better way to attract the customers with respect to developing trends. In the concerned project of Color Studio Professional (CSP), the organization develops their brand value with the help of innovative strategies within their target market. I realized that the thought behind launching the products of CSP was justified with the five senses: â€Å"A typical day in her life†. I need to elaborate that this implementation of new branding perspective needed various project management stages that helped CSP to master the five sense in their branding perspective. Preparation of WBS and Gantt chart for proje ct success was the most effective one. In addition to this, budget estimation is also one important aspect to be considered in this segment. The project management is one of the important aspects that need to be managed by the project manager. In contrast with this fact, I found the project planner of CSP very unprofessional in this particular project of improving branding of CSP. There are various aspects I noticed that the project planner needed to consider in the project development phase. Every project development concern should be based on a structured and systematic way of execution. In contrast with the segmentation of tasks and scheduling techniques I noticed various aspects are missed out in the segment of scheduling and segmenting the task. According to my specific study on the budget estimation of improving the branding of CSP I have found that the budget is correctly estimated based on the respective functionalities of the project members in this particular project of CSP. In spite of this aspect I would like to introduce one more aspect into this critical evaluation of budget estimation of CSP project. This important aspect is the project planner of CSP did not used any advanced project management tools for calculating the project budget, this is another negative aspect involved in the pproject development. In contrast with the project phases of improving branding of CSP I found the Work breakdown structure to be inefficient in parison with one effective WBS structure. The project planner of the CSP did not explain the involved stages within the project development. According to the critical evaluation done by me I have found various inefficiencies within the concerned improvisation of branding related to CSP. The organization mainly introduced various perspectives within their strategic planning in improving their branding. I found the strategic perspective related to application of five senses in improving the brand value of product. I feel this concept pletely justified with respect to the objectives of the project. In spite of this primary stage of the project is justified correctly with respect to my critical evaluation of project management. There are other three aspects that were not maintained by the project planner in this project. First of these is, preparation of Work breakdown structure. I found the project planner inefficient in managing the project stages effectively, the project planner considered the project requirements in the WBS preparation; he did not considered the phases of project development. Second aspect that needs evaluation is that the budget estimation for the project cost estimation is correct but this can be improvised with the help of advanced project management tools such as Microsoft Project. Third aspect is that the project planner neglected the effectiveness of scheduling of Gantt chart. There are two day of gap between the project development phases that may include several malfunctions within project development. In addition to this, the project manager should also consider one testing phase after implementation of the project. I have found these stages being inappropriate within the project development. I think the project planner and organizational heads should be more responsible for these issues within the project planning. In contrast with this phase, I think the careful attention towards the project planning and scheduling will be helpful in solving these kinds of issues. Besides this, every project should consider one testing phase for viewing the result’s appropriateness. Therefore, the addition to testing phase will be helpful to resolve these issues. The process of improving branding within the CSP for gaining more revenues and attracting more customers, I have fund the project plan inefficient in some phases. I have critically reviewed these phases in this essay in order to develop a proper structure of effective project management. In addition to this, I have provided effective measures to resolve these issues with respect to the demands of CSP. The critical evaluation is helpful in understanding the effective measures related to project management of Improvisation of branding of CSP with respect to current business trends. I have evaluated all of these aspects within this essay in order to highlight the critical review of project planning of CSP. Alexander, B. and Heyd, B., 2014. Sonic branding within fashion retail brands: restrictions, opportunities, effectiveness and success.  BS Publications, p.154. Amsteus, M., Liljegren, F., Markovic, S. and Mà ¥nsson, M., 2016. Chocolate or Succulent Chocolate: the impact of sensory descriptions on choice. Berg, P.O. and Sevà ³n, G., 2014. Food-branding places–A sensory perspective.  Place Branding and Public Diplomacy,  10(4), pp.289-304. Chakravarty, S.M., 2015. Sensory Branding: Branding with Senses. In  Cases on Branding Strategies and Product Development: Successes and Pitfalls  (pp. 327-365). IGI Global. Chatterjee, S., 2015. Olfactory branding: a new trend for defining brands through smell-a case of ITC Sonar Hotel in Kolkata, India.  International Journal of Trade and Global Markets,  8(3), pp.196-206. Kumar, P., 2014. Multisensory Marketing-Building Sustainability Perspective in Diverse Sectors.  International Journal of Marketing & Business munication,  3(2). Richards, G., 2015. Food experience as integrated destination marketing strategy.  World Food Tourism Summit in Estoril, Portugal,  10, p.2015.

Labor Pool Challenges Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Labor Pool Challenges - Essay Example For example, in the 21st century, 60% of new jobs require one to have at least post-secondary education. Contrarily, an estimated one third of America’s workforce has attained this level of education (Lebergott, 2014). The continuous process of innovation as well as technological changes has resulted in the motor vehicle industry related jobs demand even higher skill levels. According to United States Department of Labor (2015), the use of computers and Internet has redefined and reorganized work skills required at the workplaces. Most jobs now require education and training. As cited by Cascio (2012), structural unemployment results because of the mismatch of skills of the unemployed persons and the skills required for the available job. Evidence has demonstrated that the percentage of the workforce having graduated with college degrees is growing at a very slow rate. It has also been projected that in the next two decades, there will be virtually no growth in the prime age workforce; 25-54 years. This would result in a substantial reduction in skill growth. With few people having the required skills and education, there is insufficient supply of skilled in the labor pool for the automobile sector. In a view shared by Farmer, people with higher education levels face very low rates of unemployment. He reported workers aged 25 years or more, the unemploy ment rate was 4% for those with a bachelors degree or higher, 6% for those with a degree, 9% for high school graduates; and 12% for those with less than a high school diploma (Farmer, 2011). A can manufacturing or distribution firm with insufficiently trained labor force faces high turn over, low levels of employee performance, low productivity, high accident rates, improperly administered facilities, and improper resource allocation, as well as lack of

Use of coconut oil as a renewable resource in 2050 Term Paper

Use of coconut oil as a renewable resource in 2050 - Term Paper Example There are different kinds of coconut oil, such as coconut oil from wet coconut and coconut oil from dry coconut. The technology, which is used to produce coconut oil, is well developed and medium scale industries use this type of technology. In daily human life, coconut oil is very important. Human beings can use this oil for their skin to reduce the dryness of the skin. As a renewable resource, the demand of coconut oil cannot be undermined, rather it needs to be proliferated in order to ascertain that the future generation can leverage the benefits of using various products that require the extensive use of oil to run. In the historical parlance, human beings used coconut oil and the coconuts as foods for thousands of years. Coconut oil is produced by the crushing copra that can be determined as the dried kernel, which consists of about 60 to 65% of oil. This oil has the natural sweetened taste of coconut and encompasses 92% of soaked fatty acids (Krishna & et. al., 2010). A majority of them are lower chains soaked acid, which is known as medium chain fatty acids. Everyone can use coconut oil as an important psychologically efficient food for diet (Schardt, 2012). It is thus defined as an essential food that provides health benefit and the basic nutrients. Coconut oil is one of the most easily digestible oils and can observe the fats. It will neither increase nor decrease the cholesterol level. In comparison with all other oil seeds, coconut oil has the highest productivity as well as consistency in production. Diverse kinds of coconut oil are also available, such as coconut oil from dry coconut, virgin coconut oil from wet coconut and coconut oil by solvent extraction method that is called refined oil (Krishna & et. al., 2010). The technology, which is used for production of coconut oil through mechanical method, is well developed while many medium scale industries use this method or technology to produce the coconut oil. Nevertheless, small- scale

Energy & capability Essay Example for Free

Energy capability Essay Energy has been defined as the capability to produce an effect, it can be stored within a system and can be transferred from one system to another and use it in our everyday life. Generally, countries around the world benefited most their energy consumption from oil. Unfortunately, oil crisis affects every nation since producers and sellers monopolize its price as well as its production but apparent drawbacks are expected due to depletion of oil reserves and environmental pollution. The United States merely consumes one-fifth of the world’s oil produced and 35% of it utilize for transportation hence oil importation ought to resolve through alternative energy utilization. It is good to hear that researches and new technologies of alternative energy production and usage have been recently prioritized by the government. There’s only one way to insulate the US from the corrosive power of oil, and that’s to develop an alternative energy resource that’s readily available domestically: hydrogen . Hydrogen is the simplest, most abundant element and it is lighter than air and can be found in the atmosphere in an insoluble substance gas. It is only available on earth in a compound state like water (H2O), coal, petroleum and methane (CH4). It has the highest energy content of any common fuel by weight (about three times more than gasoline), but the lowest energy content by volume (about four times less than gasoline), an energy carrier and derivative of other chemicals that can be produced from a variety of resources (water, fossil fuels, biomass) . Hydrogen can be extracted with no environmental pollution effects through â€Å"steam reforming in which natural gas reacts chemically with steam to produce hydrogen and CO2, electrolysis which splits water into hydrogen and oxygen and the latest discoveries from cultured microbes that emits hydrogen , all require expensive financial support from the government. The fuel cell is an electrochemical devise that can continuously convert chemical energy into electrical energy of power as long as fuel and a reactant are supplied hence chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in a fuel cell create electricity leaving only water as byproduct unlike internal combustion engines that also generate carbon monoxides hazardous to man and environment as well. Hydrogen often described as the perfect fuel for it does not explode, environment-friendly exploitation and exhaustible major reserve of water will never run out of hydrogen however, considerable amount of energy is needed for steady production of hydrogen. The higher temperature fuel cells can reform natural gas for instance, gaseous hydrogen must be compressed and stored in tolerable high pressure tank to hold enough fuel for travel while liquid hydrogen demands more than -4000F for refrigeration both require high temperatures for fuel to recuperate. Adoption of hydrogen technology should settle first the hydrogen fuel-tank problem, mass production of fuel cell vehicles, alter fueling infrastructure to hydrogen, intensify hydrogen production and public campaign to sell the hydrogen economy . Indeed, importation of fuels can be minimized plus pollution free environment consequently upsurge economic growth. BIBLIOGRAPHY Richard Sonntag Claus Borgnakke. Fundamentals of Thermodynamics 6th ed. (New York: John Wiley Sons, 2004), p21 Joann Jovinelly. Oil : The Economics of Fuel. (New York : The Rosen Publishing Group, 2008). Peter Schwartz Doug Randall. How Hydrogen Can Save America. Wired, April 11, 2009, http://www. wired. com/wired/archive/11. 04/hydrogen. html? pg=1topic=topic_set= Edward Cummings ed. The Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 12. (Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier International, 2002). Energy Information Administration. Hydrogen. October 2008, http://www. eia. doe. gov Greg Bolt. From Microbes to Hydrogen Fuel. Physorg. com, March 24, 2009, http://www/physorg. com/news157140535. html Kurt C. Rolle. Thermodynamics and Heat Power 6th ed. (New Jersey: Pearson Education, 2005), p593 Bryan Woodbury. Hydrogen the Perfect Fuel. 1997, http://www. commutercars. com/h2/

Circulation Systems Over China :: essays research papers

Circulation Systems Over China Introduction: The Earth's atmosphere is in continuous motion: movement which is attempting to balance the constant differences in pressure and temperature between different parts of the globe. It is this motion which carries water from the ocean to the continents to provide precipitation and moves heat energy from the tropical regions toward the poles, warming the high latitudes. It is this circulation which plays a basic part in maintaining a steady state in the atmosphere and generating the climatic zones which characterise different parts of the earth. China, from its latitudinal location, mostly belongs to the mid- latitudes, with a small part to the low latitudes. It is located at south of Siberia and the north of the tropical Pacific. At this distinctive location, the country is affected by the alternate seasonal expansion and contraction of the polar continental highs and tropical maritime air masses, along with the seasonal shifts of the overhead sun. These changes in the pressure systems over Asia generate the unique Asian monsoon circulation which prevails over China throughout the year. Surface Pressure Field and Winds: For any fluid to initiate movements, pressure gradient must exists. Therefore, for a close understanding of the circulation system that operates over China, we should start from discussing the seasonal pressure distribution at sea-level over the Asia-Pacific region, which is the driving force for the air movements in China. Most clearly to be seen, the largest difference in the atmospheric pressure occurs between winter and summer, whereby January and July can be considered as representative months. In January, a typical cold anticyclone with central pressure above 1,040 hectopascals (hPa) developed over mid-Siberia and Mongolia (Mongolian High); while a strongly established cyclone over the north-western Pacific Ocean (Aleutian Low). Since both pressure systems practically lie in the same latitude of 50Â ° to 55Â °N, a steep pressure gradient occurs which produces strong and persistent north- westerlies over Northeast China. A third pressure system which affects China, although limited only to south-eastern China, is the equatorial Low over Australia and New Guinea. The vast territory of East China lies in the middle of the path along which the Mongolian cold air tries to rush southward into the Equatorial Low. Northerly and north-easterly flows prevail over the eastern half of China. As a typical feature, the Mongolian High is only a rather shallow pressure system. It disappears at the 500-hPa level. West China which has a higher elevation, therefore feels little of its influence; Yunnan highlands are even predominated by south-westerlies during most of the winter. The pressure pattern at sea-level during summer differs completely from winter conditions.

Oxidative Stress Cardiovascular Risk Factors Health And Social Care Essay

Background: High blood pressure, one of the modifiable hazard factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) and shot is known to be associated with oxidative emphasis and decreased cardiovagal transition. Similar to high blood pressure, prehypertension besides has greater hazard of inauspicious cardiovascular events. But there is a dearth of literature in our population in happening the relation of cardiovagal transition and oxidative emphasis with prehypertension and associated cardiovascular ( CV ) hazard factors. Methods: Subjects ( n=178 ) recruited through high blood pressure showing cantonment conducted in our population Puducherry, India were grouped into prehypertensives ( n=97 ) and normotensives ( n=81 ) . They were farther divided based on the age as immature grownups ( 20-39 old ages ) and middle aged grownups ( 40-60 old ages ) . Basal physiological parametric quantities, cardiovagal transition, oxidative emphasis parametric quantities ( thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and entire antioxidant capacity ) and CV hazard factors/parameters were measured. Consequences: We found important difference between prehypertensive and normotensive topics of both the age groups in cardiovagal transition and oxidative emphasis parametric quantities, important correlativity of oxidative emphasis with cardiovagal transition and average arterial force per unit area even after seting for other hazard factors, but a weak negative correlativity between average arterial force per unit area and cardiovagal transition. Derangements in oxidative emphasis and cardiovagal transition parametric quantities observed in prehypertensive immature grownups are similar to that of normotensive middle-aged grownups. Decisions: Increased oxidative emphasis and reduced cardiovagal transition in prehypertensive immature grownups with the presence of CV hazard factors increases their hazard for CVDs as that of center aged grownups, early and appropriate intercession could turn to this job.IntroductionThe 7th study of Joint National Committee for bar, sensing, rating and intervention of high blood force per unit area ( JNC 7 ) in 2003, emphasized the term â€Å" prehypertension † 1. The persons with prehypertension have higher hazard for developing high blood pressure and morbidity due to their sensitivity to cardiovascular diseases ( CVDs ) in future when compared to normotensive persons 2. In developing states the prevalence of prehypertension, high blood pressure and CVDs are increasing 3 and in south India prevalence of prehypertension is found to be 47 % 3. The blood force per unit area ( BP ) is regulated neurally by cardiovascular autonomic nervous system. Imbalance in autonomic nervous map, either by heightened sympathetic or declined parasympathetic activity is associated with premature aging 4, prehypertension 5, 6, high blood pressure 7, 8, CVDs and mortality 4, 9-11 and another subscriber for this addition in prevalence is the presence of oxidative emphasis 12, 13 may take to the patterned advance of prehypertension to high blood pressure 14, but it is still ill-defined whether oxidative emphasis or altered cardiovascular autonomic map is the cause or effect of high BP. Another of import factor which is known to impact cardiovascular autonomic map 15, oxidative emphasis 16 and lend to the load of CVD 17 is age. Framingham bosom survey provinces that the presence of any two major hazard factors like high blood pressure, diabetes, increased cholesterin or smoke in middle-age addition the life-time hazard for CVDs 18. The presence of prehypertension in immature grownups, whether associated with reduced cardiovagal transition or increased oxidative emphasis, is frequently ignored. Several surveies have demonstrated bunch of hazard factors in immature grownups 19, 20 which can take to CVDs in ulterior life 21. Previous surveies have demonstrated the association between bosom rate variableness ( HRV ) and oxidative emphasis in indispensable high blood pressure 22. There is dearth of surveies showing the association between cardiovagal transition, oxidative emphasis and prehypertension in immature and middle-aged grownups.SUBJECTS AND METHODSCapable enlistingAfter the blessing from the Institute Human Ethics Committee, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India. We conducted ‘Hypertension testing cantonments ‘ in our population Puducherry, India during the period of Mar 2011 to Dec 2012. A sum of 524 voluntaries consented for the showing plan. During the cantonment, BP was recorded 3 times with 5 minute intervals utilizing automatic BP proctor ( Citizen CH432B, Japan ) . Participants were considered ( n=294 ) for the survey after taking into history the inclusion ( systolic BP of & lt ; 140 millimeter Hg and diastolic BP of & lt ; 90 mi llimeter Hg and 20-60 old ages of age ) and exclusion standards ( history of chronic unwellness, CVDs, diabetes, primary autonomic inadequacy, kidney diseases, athleticss individual, under medicine for prehypertension and chronic unwellness ) . Finally 178 participants gave their written informed consent to take part in the survey.Lab measuringsParticipants were requested to describe to lab between 07.00 ante meridiem to 09.00 a.m. , and instructed to avoid any drugs that influence bosom rate variableness ( HRV ) and alcohol a twenty-four hours before and coffin nail smoke for at least 30 proceedingss. . Subject ‘s occupational position and medical history were besides reviewed. Based on the BP class as normotensive ( & lt ; 120 millimeter Hg and & lt ; 80 millimeter Hg ) and prehypertensive ( 120-139 millimeter Hg or 80-89 millimeters Hg ) and ages as immature grownups ( 20-39 old ages ) and middle-aged grownups ( 40-60 old ages ) , the topics were grouped as depicted in Figu re 1: Cardiovascular hazard factors Waist perimeter measured halfway between top of the iliac crest and the lower costal boundary line. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire ( GPAQ ) was used to measure the physical activity of the topics, and represented as metabolic equivalent ( MET ) . A lower limit of one coffin nail per twenty-four hours and consumption of at least 1 alcoholic drink ( 90-100 milliliter ) per twenty-four hours was considered as history of smoke and alcohol addiction severally and the familial history of high blood pressure and diabetes were besides recorded, Table 1. Fasting plasma glucose and lipid profile parametric quantities ( entire cholesterin, triglycerides, high, low and really low denseness lipoprotein cholesterin ) were assessed utilizing to the full automated clinical chemical science analyser ( AU400, Olympus, USA ) . Short-run bosom rate variableness The lead II ECG and respiration recorded in dim lighted room with the room temperature of 24-26A °C. Analogue signals were digitized, utilizing a 16-bit information acquisition system ( LabChart, AD instruments, Australia ) . Sampling rate was kept at 500 Hz. The tendency in fluctuation in bosom rate around radical bosom rate due to the interaction between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity were analyzed utilizing HRV package ( version 1.1. , Biomedical signal analysis group, University of Kuopio ) . Frequency spectral constituents classified based on the scope of country under the power spectrum as low frequence power ( LF ) between 0.04 to 0.15 Hz represents the part from parasympathetic and sympathetic systems ; high frequence power ( HF ) between 0.16 to 0.4 Hz represents the part from parasympathetic system to cardiovascular system and the ratio of LF/HF represents the balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic system influenced chi efly by parasympathetic nervous system 23, 24. Time sphere constituents viz. standard divergence of RR intervals ( SDNN ) , standard divergence of HR ( SDHR ) , square root of the mean of the amount of the squares of consecutive RR interval differences ( RMSSD ) , next RR intervals differing more than 50ms ( NN50 ) and NN50 divided by entire figure of RR intervals in per centum ( pNN50 ) besides represents the parasympathetic activity on CV system. Oxidative emphasiss parametric quantities thiobarbituric acid reactive substance ( TBARS ) and entire antioxidant capacity ( TAC ) were measured utilizing ELISA kit harmonizing to maker instructions ( Cayman chemical company, USA ) .Datas analysis:Continuous informations were expressed as average A ± SD and categorical informations as frequences. Frequency distributions between the groups were compared utilizing Chi Square trial. The comparing of parametric quantities between the groups was carried out utilizing one manner ANOVA for parametric informations and Wilcoxon Sign Rank trial for non-parametric informations. The association between the parametric quantities was analyzed utilizing Spearman ‘s rank correlativity. HRV constituents like LF and HF power were natural log transformed and denoted as ln ( LF ) and ln ( HF ) severally, before ANOVA and additive arrested development analysis. The part independent variable on the discrepancy of dependent variable was assessed ut ilizing additive arrested development. RMSSD was considered as stand foring cardiovagal transition parametric quantity for correlativity and arrested development analysis. All the analyses were performed with statistical bundle for societal scientific disciplines ( SPSS ) 13.0 for Windows ( SPSS, USA ) . A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically important.ConsequenceDistribution of demographic profile:Number of topics and gender distribution in each group differed based on age. The figure of prehypertensive topics was more in middle-aged grownups ( n=62 ) as compared to immature grownups ( n=35 ) . The male to female ratio declined from 2.18 ( immature grownups ) to 1.21 ( middle-aged grownups ) with age 25, represented in Table 1.Comparison between normotensives and prehypertensives of both age groupsBasal physiological and bosom rate variableness parametric quantitiesSubjects with prehypertension were compared to those with normotension of same age group. The basal HR did non differ significantly between normotensive and prehypertensive topics in both age groups. Waist perimeter was significantly higher in immature grownups with prehypertension than in normotensive immature grownups but such a difference was non observed in middle-aged grownups. The resting cardiovagal transition parametric quantities obtained as frequence sphere indices ; ln ( HF ) , HFnu, and clip sphere indices ; RMSSD, NN50 and pNN50 were decreased significantly in prehypertensive immature grownups when compared to normotensive immature grownups but in the prehypertensive middle-aged grownups HFnu entirely did non differ significantly from normotensive middle-aged grownups. Same sort of consequences was observed in the index of sympathovagal balance ( LF/HF ratio ) , worsened significantly in immature grownups with prehypertension when compared to immature grownups with normotension but non in the middle-aged grownups with the presence of prehypertension.Cardiovascular hazard factors and oxidative emphasis parametric quantitiesFamily history of high blood pressure and diabetes, figure of tobacco users and alkies and physical activity were non differed significantly between normotensive and prehypertensive of both age groups. TC, HDL-c and LDL-c were besi des non significantly altered between normotensives and prehypertensives in both age groups. The waist perimeter, fasting plasma glucose and TG were merely increased significantly in prehypertensive immature grownups and non in between middle-aged grownups with normotension and prehypertension ( Table 1 ) . No female tobacco user or alky was present in our survey. The oxidative emphasis parametric quantities, TBARS and TAC were significantly deranged in prehypertensive topics in both immature and in-between age ( Table 2 ) .Prehypertension in immature grownupsYoung grownups with prehypertension were compared with middle-aged normotensive topics. Resting radical physiological parametric quantities, cardiovagal transition, lipid profile, oxidative emphasis parametric quantities and waist perimeter did non differ significantly between normotensive middle-aged grownups and prehypertensive immature grownups.Association between cardiovagal transition, oxidative emphasis parametric quantit ies, age and blood force per unit areaThe MAP correlated indirectly with cardiovagal transition ( RMSSD ) , TAC and straight with TBARS, Figure-2 and Figure-3. But the correlativity of MAP with RMSSD, TBARS and TAC were reduced to ( r= -0.199, p=0.009 ; r=0.335, p= & lt ; 0.001 and r= -0.318, p= & lt ; 0.001, severally ) after repairing the CV hazard factors like age, waist perimeter, physical activity, FPG, TC and TG. The oxidative emphasis parametric quantities, TBARS correlated reciprocally and TAC correlated positively with RMSSD, Figure 4. The correlativity of TBARS and TAC with RMSSD were strong plenty ( r= -0.311, p= & lt ; 0.001 and r=0.437, p= & lt ; 0.001, severally ) even after adjusting/fixing the CV hazard factors. The MAP contributes to 16.4 % and 15.8 % discrepancy in TBARS and TAC severally. The TBARS and TAC explained the discrepancy in MAP by 23.2 % . Age, TBARS and TAC together explained 42.3 % of discrepancy in RMSSD, out of which 36.8 % is by TBARS and TAC, Table-3.DiscussionThe most of import determination of the present survey is that prehypertension in immature grownups with the presence of altered cardiovagal transition, elevated oxidative emphasis and other CV hazard factors is an alarming phase as the parametric quantities are comparable to those observed in middle-aged grownups. Surveies have reported that either altered cardiovagal transition or oxidative emphasis may take to the development of high blood pressure 7, 26. Change in cardiovagal transition is an of import marker for foretelling future CV morbidity 27, was decreased in prehypertensive immature and middle-aged grownups when compared to normotensives of matching age group. The cardiovagal transition can be influenced partially by each hazard factor like waist perimeter, physical activity, FPG, TC, TG and age 15, 28-31. Therefore, all of these confounders were fixed to quantify the association between MAP and cardiovagal transition. But we could happen lone hebdomad relation between these two variables, bespeaking that the presence of high BP entirely does non bring forth much influence on cardiovagal transition. This contradicts the consequences demonstrated in the survey by Pletcher et al. , in which prehypertension by itself was concluded as an independent hazard factor for the development of C VD 21. At the same clip, oxidative emphasis is one of the of import parametric quantities responsible for the development and care of CVD including high blood pressure, was significantly increased in prehypertensive topics of both age groups. The relation between MAP and oxidative emphasis ( TBARS and TAC ) was strong plenty even after seting for confusing CV hazard factors. This goes manus in manus with old survey 32. Our survey reveals the association between oxidative emphasis and prehypertension, but it is non plenty to convey about a causal relationship as surveies have shown high blood pressure per Se can increase oxidative emphasis or frailty versa. Further the association between oxidative emphasis and cardiovagal transition parametric quantity ( RMSSD ) were besides strong even after seting for all the confusing parametric quantities. These observations lead us to speculate that oxidative emphasis may be the precursor for both prehypertension and altered cardiovagal transition, the later are manifestations of the underlying oxidative emphasis. This may necessitates the demand for longitudinal research to happen the causal relationship between oxidative emphasis, cardiovascular autonomic map and pre-hypertension. Increased oxidative emphasis and reduced cardiovagal transition observed merely in immature grownup with prehypertension as compared to normotension, but non in between middle-aged normotension and prehypertension can be explained by the presence of CV hazard factors. In our survey, we observed that the CV hazard factors like waist perimeter FPG and TG were significantly different between immature normotensive and prehypertensive grownups, but the increase in CV hazard parametric quantities were observed in middle-aged prehypertensives as compared to normotensives, but non significantly. This farther emphasizes that the presence of CV hazard factors contributes to CVD hazard more than the presence of prehypertension entirely. Framingham bosom survey stated that the presence of multiple hazard factors in in-between age increases the life-time hazard for CVD for the staying old ages and reduces their length of service by 10 old ages 18. Surveies besides demonstrated that the presence of prehypertension and associated CV hazard factors increase the opportunity for acquiring CV events when compared to normotensive topics 2. In our survey, prehypertensive immature grownups tend to portion similar CV hazard factors as in middle-age adults.. Hence the CV hazard factors associated with prehypertension in immature grownups has to be viewed with cautiousness. Altered cardiovagal transition and oxidative emphasis parametric quantities were besides non differed significantly between prehypertensive immature grownups and middle-aged grownups, bespeaking that the damage has occurred earlier in the class of life with the presence of prehypertension and associated hazard factors 25, 33. The consequences of our survey demonstrate that the immature grownups with prehypertension have high hazard for developing CV events as comparable to that of middle-aged grownups. But prehypertension and CV hazard factor appraisal in immature grownups is frequently neglected 34. The complications start roll uping with come oning age when left untreated, ensuing in development of other co-morbid conditions 35.RestrictionsWe did non mensurate LDL-c atom size. More figure of male prehypertensives in immature grownup age group would hold besides reduced the difference between immature grownup with prehypertension and middle-aged normotensive grownups but the old sur veies have demonstrated that immature work forces are more prone to developing prehypertension when compared to immature adult females of peer age group 25. The prevalence of prehypertension and high blood pressure in adult females additions with progressing age 25, 36. This may explicate the gender difference in immature prehypertensive grownups.DecisionPrehypertension in immature and middle-aged topics is associated with increased oxidative emphasis and altered cardiovagal transition. In our survey, the hazard factors for CVDs in prehypertensive immature grownups were found to be tantamount to that of middle-aged grownups who are in dusky zone for its development. Particular wellness programmes need to be undertaken in the signifier of antioxidant and yoga therapy to turn to the cardiovascular hazard among the immature and middle-aged prehypertensives.RecognitionWe like to unfeignedly thank Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research for funding the underta king and Department of Science & A ; Technology, Government of India for back uping the first writer through INSPIRE family. We besides thank Dr. Madanmohan Trakroo, Professor and Head of Physiology Department, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & A ; Research Institute, Puducherry, Dr. Abdoul Hamide, Professor of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry and Dr. T N Sathyaprabha, Additional Professor of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India for their part in planing the survey

The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness Essay

Correctional Policies Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Correctional policies are the mechanisms put in place to act as rehabilitative guides on offenders and criminals. Based on the restorative theory of justice, several policies are developed to act as guide for administration of justice to all. Restorative principles strive to renew personal damages and communal relationships. Victims are the point of focus and the major goal is to heal and renew the personal well-being and retain the offender’s dignity and trust in the community (Furio, 2007). For instance, victims and offenders participation should be based on voluntary free and informed consent. They must be offered a comprehensible explanation about the process, what is likely to occur because of their participation and the condition at which the free consent may be withdrawn.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The participants in a case must accept the essential truth of the offence and admit the responsibility arising from the offence (Furio, 2007). Additionally, these facts should offer adequate evidence to proceed with the charge and law must not bar the prosecution for the offence alongside granting each participant right to seek legal advice before and at all stages of the process.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Restorative justice may take place at all phase of criminal justice system starting from pre-charge, sentencing and release from custody (Furio, 2007). However, the compatibility of the policies find a divers application on different cases. It is best applicable in criminal offences but finds limitations in traffic offences. It is evident that most of the crimes are committed by the youth. This may be accredited to the fact that the offending peak is in the late adolescence. There exist conspicuous discrepancies in the juvenile justice systems whose explanations remain a myth to scholars.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Alexander (2010), USA has two systems of justice, one for privileged class of whites and the other for the disadvantaged blacks. This discrimination was demonstrated in 1980s during cocaine crack down that majorly involved black minors. This discrimination is based on color and socioeconomic status of both American whites and blacks (Alexander, 2010). References Alexander, M. (2010). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. New York: New Press. Furio, J. (2007). Restorative justice: Prison as Hell or a Chance for Redemption. New York: Algora Pub. Source document

Communication Barrier with Eye Contact for other Cultures essays

Communication Barrier with Eye Contact for other Cultures essays Emigrating from India to the United States and adjusting to its environment, culture, and social norms has been an exciting learning experience for me. I was born and brought up in India where I spent the first 14 years of my life before I immigrated to America in July, 1998. For the past six years I have been learning and observing the American cultures, mainstream ideas, customs, beliefs, and norms. After every passing year I learn something new about the American culture and adapt to it. I remember the time when I was adapting to looking people in the eye and trying my best to maintain proper eye contact with another person. It was an awkward learning experience. Human beings in general use eye contact as a non-verbal tool of communication, but the way people use eye contact changes from place to place because of differences in environment, customs, and traditions. Growing up in an Asian Indian culture, I know that all Indians prefer minimal eye contact. Its considered rude in my culture to look other people directly in the eye, especially adults. In India, a lot of importance is given to politeness, obedience, and respect towards adults. Anyone older than you should be looked up to or respected. For example: when I am having a one-on-one conversations with my high school professors in India, my eyes would be just below their eye level (around the chin or neck area) as a sign of respect towards him or her. Before starting a conversation minimal eye contact is required. So, after I have made minimal eye contact (1 to 3 seconds) with the professor, its an Indian tradition to look the person we are speaking to right below their eye level. All youngsters and teenagers in India must follow this custom. However, if you make direct eye contact with an adult (or a teacher) its considered very rude, which might be followed by a scolding sometimes. Fur thermore, you can not look around or at the ground while talking with ...

LITERATURE REVIEW ASSIGMENT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

LITERATURE REVIEW ASSIGMENT - Assignment Example This chronic condition is managed using two medical therapies; that is pharmacological and non-pharmacological management. Pharmacological therapy manages the condition within the hospital setting. The patient is put under medication and machine monitors to manage the condition. On the other hand, the non-pharmacological therapy is confined to patient education and intensive surveillance activity; emphasis is put shifting care from hospital to a primary care setting. Numerous studies have been conducted to examine which of the two therapies manage the condition more effectively. These studies have shown that patients that comply with non-pharmacological recommendations reduce the risk of death caused by this condition. Compliance can be defined as the extent to which congestive heart failure patients’ behavior, in terms of managing the condition, are in line with those of a medical practitioner or health provider (Martje et al 2010). The non-pharmacological recommendations inc lude diet,fluid restriction, weighing and exercising. The studies that were conducted included an 18 month follow up of the patients after they were discharged from hospital. The compliance ratings of pharmacological recommendations range from 10% to 70% while those of non-pharmacological recommendations range between 12 % and 75%. Approximately 48% of the patients who comply with the non-pharmacological recommendations fully comply with all the four recommendations.An individual tally of the recommendations compliance reveals that about 80% of patients comply with weighing; 90% comply with diet and fluid restrictions (Holst, et.al 2008); and about 60% comply with exercises. In elderly patients, compliance with the non-pharmacological recommendations prevents the reoccurrence of heart failure (Martje et al 2010). Patients who comply with these recommendations have fewer recommendations than non-compliant patients and those that spend in hospital are few. Patients who comply with the exercise and daily weighing recommendations often elongate their lives compared to those who don’t.This compliance also reduces the heart failure readmission. Isotonic exercise training has proven to have a positive effect on congestive heart failure patients, according to a study conducted on 30 male patients (Larsen, et.al. 2001). Total compliance of the recommendations also reduces the rate of readmission due to heart failure by 56.2%. This figure may not be statistically significant but it ascertains that close follow-up of patients will reduce the likelihood of being readmitted due to heart failure (Rich, et.al. 1995). In addition, relaxation therapies have a positive psychic effect in older patients. It reduces the psychological distress, depression in particular, among the patients (Yu, et.al p. 78). It has been discovered that patients whose levels of sodium intake are high have a high chance of being readmitted. This means that sodium intakes levels are consistent w ith the rate of readmission among the patients (Alves, et.al. p.446; Brooke, et.al. 2009). If heart failure patients begin using ACE-inhibitors during their stay in hospital, then their cognitive performance is expected to improve independently (Zuccala, et.al. p. 230). The main question of this topic is whether

How do psychological mindsets act as enemies of intelligence How does Essay

How do psychological mindsets act as enemies of intelligence How does this influence surprise or failure Can the Intelligence - Essay Example It means that there will always be some cases wherein some members of the intelligence group can unconsciously destabilize the goal of being able to come up with a timely and accurate intelligence report (Betts, 2007, p. 264). Whether deliberately or not, the act of destablizing the goal of intelligence can happen each time the members of the intelligence group would manipulate or falsely interpretate the gathered information. Eventually, the use of distorted information can lead to inaccurate conclusions or wrong reactions. It means that each time a member of the intelligence community failed to identify misinterpreted data, there is a higher chance wherein the intelligence group can end up making wrong or inaccurate predictions (Betts, 2007, p. 6). How does psychological mindsets influence surprise or failure? There are cases wherein some members of the intelligence group tend to make use of their own biased personal judgment when making important decisions. Within this context, ps ychological mindset can pertain to a scenario wherein the human mind would considered some false information as something that is accurate and highly reliable. Therefore, aside from the risk of passing around some out-dated information in different agencies related to intelligence, one can argue that the use of a false mindset can distort the ability of the intelligence in terms of being able to accurately interpret or analyze the gathered information. Often times, the use of a false mindset can trigger the risk of intelligence failure. Each time intelligence failure happens, the members of the intelligence group can be caught up in a surprise because of the falsely predicted outcome. A good example of such case is the September 11 attack. Despite the number of agencies set out to protect the national security of the United States, the intelligence community ended up pretty much surprised by the attack (Betts, 2007, p. 4). Can the intelligence community overcome or optimize analysis despite these obstacles? To prevent the risks of national disaster, the main role of the intelligence community is to collect, correlate, and analyze information that are useful in terms of maintaining the national security (Betts, 2007, p. 1). However, intelligence group often faces obstacles which could prevent them from effectively fulfilling their goals. Among these obstacles include: (1) the outside enemies – which are referring to the main subject of intelligence such as a terrorist group or any groups or countries that are currently in conflict or are totally against the United States and are trying to mislead the intelligence community from performing their tasks in terms of preserving the national security; (2) the innocent enemies – which are referring to individuals who aim to destabilize the goal of being able to come up with a timely and accurate intelligence report; and/or (3) the inherent enemies – which are usually triggered by human interventio n that can affect the overall function of the intelligence group (Betts, 2007, p. 9, 12, 264). Despite all these obstacles, it is possible for the intelligence community to overcome or optimize the analysis of the gathered information. However, it will never be easy on the part of the intelligen

Effects of globalization on national food cultures Term Paper

Effects of globalization on national food cultures - Term Paper Example Nowadays, local communities are abundant in their own local cuisines, and they have access to fast food chains like McDonalds and other foreign dishes simultaneously. The increasing trend of fast food culture is significantly affecting lifestyle and health of youth globally, and they are now carrying the burden of poor nutritional practices and obesity. Thus, Globalisation has very negative effects on national food culture, which extends to the effects on national cuisines and food, impact on health and obesity, and economic impact on local food market. To begin with, Globalisation is significantly influencing the national food culture by affecting the national cuisines and food. One can observe a growing importance for imported foreign foods, which is affecting the relevance of local cuisines and national food culture. In many nations, food is an integral part of culture and over exposure to foreign goods due to Globalisation is becoming a major threat to the cultural identity of these nations. To illustrate, according to the Levin Institute report (n.d.), the French has their own culinary tradition with unique cuisines like crepes and pastries, and they are quite resistant to US cultural imperialism especially in the case of food culture (p. 180). But with the crowding of several US restaurant chains in urban regions which produce unhealthy and greasy burgers and processed food, recent statistics prove that urban population of France is suffering from eating related problems and obesity. Hence, according to the Levin Institute re port, increased trend of fast food brought by Globalisation is forcing people to take food of lower quality. As per the same survey, in China, children were not expected to buy food using their own money, and there were no festivities in celebrating birth date. But with the introduction of McDonald’s restaurant, more and more children begin to buy

The Role of Design Studies in Development Essay

The Role of Design Studies in Development - Essay Example Today’s designer chooses from economy, politics, and environment their field of profession thus creating awareness to more and more people, in other words, helping the world and making people realize what is happening and what will be the future. Designers always have the approach to do good whether designing anything. The designers open up the negative feeling and the happenings around. They are truly helping people making them realize what the need of the hour is (Duff 2009). The designers focus on things to change them. They observe and focus on almost every detail as possible. The power of vision is much greater than that of words. The visualization of a problem is far more convincing than of speaking and telling. (Manav 2009). 1.2 Design studies and development: The designs, new and improved continue to appear for generations and years giving the same thought a different perspective and meaning making it more attractive thus leading it to more progress. The main promotion areas for the design are in expos, trade fairs and museums. (Mattew 2013). 1.2.1 First world countries: Keeping an eye of the aspects of the first world countries the thought prompts that why the First world does solve third world’s problems when it already has its own. Carolina Vallejo launched a competition entitled â€Å"Design for the First World†. She specified the problems like the production of food, eating disorders, aging, population, low birth rate, over-consumption and many more. She mentions why is the first world helping the third world when such problems already persist in. she surveyed for the solution of the first world problems in her thesis. Vallejo says that she is not discouraging the designers for their efforts, it’s just that the water, education, medicine and electricity are the problems of the first world too, why not to focus upon them first and others later. She says that the First World needs to focus on its problems now or later; in future it might not become the case that the First World needs help. It should be the designers who should be tackling the situation and knowing that what impact such a thing would have (Good 2010). It is not the responsibility of the First World countries to help out others when we already need to look for the problems ourselves (Funds for NGOs 2012 ) 1.2.2 Third world countries: The third world countries are reliant upon the first world countries although the first world country for sure has its interest in it. Thus an aid is provided to solve their political, scientific, infrastructural and economic problems. Most outstanding are the water and education. Removing the impurities and making the water potable is a great gift for these people as it helps in drinking, irrigation and reduces the effects of diseases and viruses. As far as tutoring is concerned educating the residents would make a better, protected and brighter future. It will remove the odds as literacy rate shines in t he sky. The design technology and studies benefits the third world countries. One of my friends who studies Design and Technology, is designing a game in her class, for Red Cross to enhance people’s awareness and knowledge of disaster preparedness in the face of flooding, drought and other climate change related issues in Uganda. Moreover, my friend told me that,